Back Leyes antiprotesta ucranianas de 2014 Spanish Leggi anti-protesta in Ucraina Italian 우크라이나 반시위법 Korean Leis dictatorialas Occitan Ustawy dyktatorskie Polish Законы 16 января Russian Диктаторські закони 16 січня Ukrainian 乌克兰反示威法 Chinese

Anti-protest laws in Ukraine

Hrushevskoho street riots in January 2014 in response to anti-protest laws.

The Ukrainian anti-protest laws were a group of ten laws restricting freedom of speech and freedom of assembly[1] passed by the Verkhovna Rada (Parliament of Ukraine) on January 16, 2014 (referred to as Black Thursday by its opponents) and signed into law by President Viktor Yanukovych the following day,[2][3] amid massive anti-government protests known as “Euromaidan” that started in November. The laws were collectively referred to as the "laws on dictatorship" (Ukrainian: закони про диктатуру, Russian: Зако́ны о диктату́ре), by Euromaidan activists,[4] non-governmental organizations,[5] scholars,[6] and the Ukrainian media.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13]

In the aftermath of their passing, Western nations criticised the laws for their undemocratic nature and their ability to significantly curb the rights to protest, free speech and the activity of non-governmental organisations.[14] They were described in the media and by experts as "draconian",[15] with Timothy Snyder claiming that they effectively established the nation as a dictatorship.[16] The laws were widely denounced internationally, with US Secretary of State John Kerry describing them as "anti-democratic".[citation needed]

The laws were developed by MPs Vadym Kolesnychenko and Volodymyr Oliynyk from the ruling Party of Regions, and supported by a voting bloc consisting of the Party of Regions, the Communist Party[17] and some independent MPs. They were adopted with a number of procedural violations. In accordance with enforcing the new laws, Interior Minister Vitaliy Zakharchenko pledged that "each offence will be met by our side harshly."[18]

After the laws were passed, widespread violence erupted between protesters and security forces, escalating the Euromaidan movement and resulting in the Hrushevskoho riots and then the Revolution of Dignity. As a result of the escalation the laws were causing, nine anti-protest laws were cancelled by the Verkhovna Rada on 28 January 2014.[19][20][21]

  1. ^ "In Ukraine, protesters appear to be preparing for battle". The Washington Post. 20 January 2014. Retrieved 20 January 2014. ...particularly with the passage last week of harsh laws restricting freedom of speech and assembly.
  2. ^ "Official web portal of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine". 2014-01-16. Retrieved 2014-01-22. For the period of January 14–17, the Verkhovna Rada adopted 11 Laws and 1 Resolution
  3. ^ "President signs laws". Press office of President Yanukovych. 2014-01-17. Archived from the original on 2014-01-21. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  4. ^ Maidaner, Efim (2014-01-17). "Australians condemn new dictatorship laws in Ukraine". Archived from the original on 2014-01-26. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  5. ^ "Громадські організації закликають до Всеукраїнської мобілізації". Transparency International Ukraine. 2014-01-17. Archived from the original on 2014-01-23. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  6. ^ http://blogs.piie.com/realtime/?p=4222 Archived 2014-02-08 at the Wayback Machine "on January 16, he had the parliament adopt nine dictatorial laws"
  7. ^ "МЗС відповів ОБСЄ: "закони про диктатуру" відповідають усім демократичним стандартам". Українська правда. 2014-01-18. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  8. ^ "Закони про диктатуру вже надруковані". 2014-01-21. Archived from the original on 2014-01-23. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  9. ^ "Кравчук: закони про "диктатуру" треба вдосконалити". Тиждень.ua. 2014-01-19. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  10. ^ Безп'Ятчук, Жанна (2014-01-17). "Масові позови і народний фронт – відповідь правозахисників на "закони про диктатуру"". Радіо Свобода. Radio Svoboda Ukraine. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  11. ^ "Yanukovych signed dictatorship laws and made a reshuffle of top officials". Citizen Journal: Ukraine. 2014-01-17. Archived from the original on 2014-02-02. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  12. ^ "В ОБСЄ сподіваються, що Янукович накладе вето на "закони про диктатуру"". 2014-01-16. Archived from the original on 2014-02-03. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  13. ^ "Міністри закордонних справ Німеччини та Великобританії засудили закони про диктатуру". Новий погляд. 2014-01-18. Archived from the original on 2014-02-01. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  14. ^ "Ukrainian president approves strict anti-protest laws". The Guardian. 2014-01-17. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  15. ^ Danilova, Maria (19 January 2014). "Ukrainian protesters defy new draconian laws". Toronto Star. Retrieved 20 January 2014.
  16. ^ Snyder, Timothy D. "Ukraine: The New Dictatorship". The New York Review of Books. Retrieved 18 January 2014.
  17. ^ "Dictatorship in Ukraine legalized. Infographics of the new reality". CitizenJournal. 2014-01-16. Archived from the original on 2014-01-19. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  18. ^ "Zakharchenko pledges harsh response to lawbreakers". Kyiv Post. 2014-01-18. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
  19. ^ Law on scrapping January 16 legislation published in Ukraine, Interfax-Ukraine (3 February 2014)
  20. ^ Рада отменила скандальные законы
  21. ^ Какие законы Рада не отменила

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